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| 中国中老年人生活方式对衰弱的影响—— 基于CHARLS的回顾性研究 |
| The impact of lifestyle on frailty among middle-aged and elderly individuals in China: A retrospective study based on the CHARLS database |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-18 修订日期：2024-11-18 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 衰弱 生活方式 慢病管理 回顾性研究 |
| 英文关键词: fraity, life style, Chronic disease management, Retrospective study |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 本研究分析中国中老年人多种生活方式因素对衰弱的影响，为老年人群衰弱管理提供理论依据。方法 基于中国健康与养老追踪调查（China Health and Retirement Tracking Survey ，CHARLS）的6945名≥45岁中老年人，通过衰弱指数FI来评估中国中老年人的衰弱状态，衰弱定义为 FI ≥ 25。采用t检验和 Fisher 精确检验进行单因素分析，多因素分析采用二元Logistic回归分析，探讨不同生活方式对中老年人衰弱的影响。结果 调整年龄、性别、教育水平和婚姻状况后，饮酒最高频率大于2次/天(OR = 1.85, 95%CI 1.00~3.39, P <0.047)、午睡时长大于30分钟(OR = 1.57, 95%CI 1.22~2.02, P <0.001)、自我报告健康状态低于好(OR = 1.53, 95%CI 1.25~1.85, P <0.001)的中老年人发生衰弱的风险较高；高强度体力活动(OR = 0.69, 95%CI 0.55~0.84, P <0.001)、饮酒最高频率≤1次/天(OR = 0.79, 95%CI 0.65~0.96, P =0.018)、夜间睡眠时长≥6小时(OR = 0.71, 95%CI 0.62~0.81, P <0.001)的中老年人发生衰弱的风险较低。结论 不同生活方式对衰弱的影响存在很大差异，在慢病管理中应重视生活方式的改变，通过促进健康生活方式降低中国中老年人衰弱状态的发生。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective: This study examines the influence of various lifestyle factors on frailty among middle-aged and elderly individuals in China, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for frailty management within this demographic.
Method: The methodology is derived from the China Health and Retirement Tracking Survey (CHARLS), which includes data from 6945participants aged 45 and older. The frailty index (FI) is utilized to assess the frailty status of these individuals, defined as FI ≥ 25. We performed univariate analysis using t-tests and Fisher's exact test, followed by multivariate analysis through binary logistic regression to investigate the effects of different lifestyle factors on frailty among middle-aged and elderly individuals.
Result: After adjusting for age, gender, education level, and marital status, middle-aged and elderly individuals who consume alcohol more than twice per day are at a higher risk of frailty (OR=1.85, 95% CI 1.00-3.39, P<0.047). Additionally, those who take naps longer than 30 minutes (OR=1.57, 95% CI 1.22-2.02, P<0.001) and report their health status as lower than 'good' (OR=1.53, 95% CI 1.25-1.85, P<0.001) also exhibit increased frailty risk. Conversely, middle-aged and elderly individuals who engage in high-intensity physical activity (OR=0.69, 95% CI 0.55-0.84, P<0.001), consume alcohol no more than once per day (OR=0.79, 95% CI 0.65-0.96, P=0.018), and maintain a sleep duration of six hours or more at night (OR=0.71, 95% CI 0.62-0.81, P<0.001) demonstrate a lower risk of developing frailty.
Conclusion: Significant variations exist in the impact of various lifestyle factors on frailty. Consequently, it is essential to prioritize lifestyle modifications within chronic disease management strategies to reduce the onset of frailty among middle-aged and elderly individuals in China by encouraging healthier lifestyles. |
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